G12: ICD10 Code for Spinal muscular atrophy and related syndromes

G12 refers to Spinal muscular atrophy and related syndromes, a group of neurodegenerative conditions that lead to progressive motor dysfunction, muscle wasting, and in some cases, cognitive decline. These disorders are typically genetic or post-infectious in nature and primarily affect the central nervous system (CNS).

Symptoms

• Involuntary movements – Especially in Huntington's disease (G10)
• Gait imbalance and coordination problems – Seen in hereditary ataxia (G11)
• Muscle weakness and atrophy – Common in spinal muscular atrophy (G12)
• CNS deterioration due to another disease – Characteristic of G13 conditions
• New-onset fatigue or weakness years after polio – Defining feature of postpolio syndrome (G14)
• Speech or swallowing difficulties – Often seen in later stages
• Spasticity or stiffness – Found across many progressive CNS atrophy syndromes

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Spinal muscular atrophy and related syndromes involves genetic testing (especially for G10 and G11), MRI of the brain and spine, electromyography (EMG), clinical neurological exams, and functional assessments. A history of polio is critical in G14 diagnosis.

ICD10 Code Usage

ICD10 code G12 is used in neurology, neurogenetics, physical medicine and rehabilitation, and primary care. It supports care coordination, treatment planning, genetic counseling, disability certification, and long-term patient tracking for progressive neurological diseases.

Related Codes

• G10 – Huntington's disease
• G11 – Hereditary ataxia
• G13 – Systemic atrophies primarily affecting central nervous system in diseases classified elsewhere
• G14 – Postpolio syndrome

FAQs

Q1: What is ICD10 code G12?
A: It refers to Spinal muscular atrophy and related syndromes, a neurodegenerative disorder primarily impacting motor function and often requiring lifelong support.

Q2: Are these disorders inherited?
A: Many, such as Huntington’s (G10) and ataxias (G11), are inherited, while G14 is a post-infectious condition.

Q3: Can these conditions be cured?
A: Currently, they are not curable, but early diagnosis and therapy can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

Q4: What treatments are available?
A: Physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, assistive devices, and medications for symptom relief.

Q5: Who manages care?
A: Neurologists, geneticists, rehabilitation specialists, physical therapists, and palliative care teams.

Conclusion

ICD10 code G12 enables accurate classification and management of Spinal muscular atrophy and related syndromes. It guides early intervention, genetic counseling, and coordinated care for individuals living with central nervous system atrophy syndromes.